What is CMC Joint Arthritis?
It all begins with an idea.
The base of the thumb is a common area for osteoarthritis (OA). In the early stages, the joint may ache after use. Later you will begin to notice that the joint swells at times, and it may become more difficult to open out the thumb from the base. The middle joint begins to compensate and becomes more mobile.
OA is most commonly seen in the middle aged or older population. Women may be slightly more affected then men.
Osteoarthritis may be considered a “wear and tear” condition in which a break down of the normal joint characteristics occurs. This breakdown primarily occurs to the cartilage of the smooth articular surface that covers the joints. The cartilage becomes rough and then eventually is lost. This is the cause of “crepitus” that is felt or even heard on movement of the joint. Some morning stiffness may be present, but does not usually last for more than 15 minutes. It is due to the inactivity of the joint while you are sleeping.
As the process progresses, the bone at the bottom of the thumb (metacarpal) will pull inwards. This is primarily due to the unbalanced pull of one of the muscles in the hand. The middle joint of the thumb tends to hyperextend in order to compensate. It becomes increasingly difficult to open the thumb and flatten the palm.
The main treatment goal is to minimize the wear and tear to the affected joint. This may accomplished through:
Splint/orthosis wear to rest and protect the joint
Education to increase your understanding of the condition
Joint protection techniques and adaptive equipment
Heat to reduce pain and stiffness
Ice to reduce inflammation and swelling
Exercises to maintain joint mobility
Exercises to improve strength
It is important to remember that osteoarthritis is a disease process that will not disappear. Taking the responsibility for acquiring the knowledge and treatment that you require is important to keeping your OA under control.